BIMB Integrated Annual Report 2019

2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued) 2.3 Foreign currency (continued) (b) Operations denominated in functional currencies other than Ringgit Malaysia (“RM”) The assets and liabilities of operations denominated in functional currencies other than RM, including fair value adjustments arising on acquisition, are translated to RM at exchange rates at the end of the reporting period. The income and expenses of foreign operations are translated to RM at exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign currency differences are recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in the FCTR in equity. However, if the operation is a non-wholly-owned subsidiary, then the relevant proportionate share of the translation difference is allocated to the non-controlling interests. When a foreign operation is disposed of such that control, significant influence is lost, the cumulative amount in the FCTR related to that foreign operation is reclassified to profit or loss as part of the gain or loss on disposal. When the Group disposes of only part of its interest in a subsidiary that includes a foreign operation, the relevant proportion of the cumulative amount is reattributed to non-controlling interests. When the Group disposes of only part of its investment in an associate that includes a foreign operation while retaining significant influence, the relevant proportion of the cumulative amount is reclassified to profit or loss. 2.4 Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, balances and deposits with banks and highly liquid investments which have an insignificant risk of changes in fair value with original maturities of three months or less, and are used by the Group and the Company in the management of their short term commitments. For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents are presented net of bank overdrafts and pledged deposits. 2.5 Financial instruments (i) Initial recognition and measurement A financial asset or a financial liability is recognised in the statement of financial position when, and only when, the Group or the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. A financial instrument is recognised initially, at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial instrument not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of the financial instrument. (ii) Classification and subsequent measurement The Group and the Company categorise financial instruments as follows: On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified and measured at: amortised cost; FVOCI – debt instrument; FVOCI – equity instrument; or FVTPL. Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition unless the Group and the Company change its business model for managing financial assets, in which case all affected financial assets are reclassified on the first day of the first reporting period following the change in the business model. NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 (CONTINUED) 188 Integrated Annual Report 2019 Group Overview Sustaining The Group Management Discussion & Analysis Group Governance